David G. Swaim letters, 1861-1874 [microform].

United States. Army. Judge Advocate General's Dept.

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United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands

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The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. federal government agency that aided distressed freedmen (freed slaves) in 1865–1869, during the Reconstruction era of the United States. The Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which created the Freedmen's Bureau, was initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War. It was passed on March 3, 1865, by Congress to aid former slaves ...

Credit Mobilier of America

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Swaim, David Gaskill, 1834-1897

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David G. Swaim was a captain in the Union Army during the Civil War, serving as assistant adjutant general and chief of the secret service during the Chickamauga Campaign under Brigadier General James A. Garfield. He reentered the army in 1867 as a second lieutenant, serving as acting judge advocate for the fourth military district in Vicksburg, Miss. From 1868-1869, he supervised the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands. As a Major, he presided as judge advocate at Fort Leavenworth,...

Garfield, James A. (James Abram), 1831-1881

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James Garfield, twentieth President of the United States, was born in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, in 1831. After embarking on an academic career, he joined the Ohio volunteer infantry regiment, and in 1863 was appointed Major General in the same regiment. He served as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1880, when he was elected President. His inauguration took place on March 4, 1881, but his term of office was unfortunately brought to an abrupt end with his assassination by C...